CHOLERA IN INDIA AND KYRGYSZTAN

KHURSHEED T, MUKHTAR W.F, TURDUMAMBETOVA M.A.

Key words:

CHOLERA, VIBRIO CHOLERA, PANDEMICS, CHOLERA VACCINE, STOCKPILE, EPIDEMIOLOGY, TRANSMISSION, PROPHYLAXIS

Abstract:

Introduction. Cholera is an acute, watery diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholera of the O1 or O139 serogroups usually spread through contaminated water and food. The disease causes severe diarrhea and dehydration. Left untreated, cholera can be fatal within hours. In the past two centuries, cholera has emerged and spread from the Ganges Delta six times and from Indonesia once to cause global pandemics. Modern sewage and water treatment have virtually eliminated cholera in industrialized countries. [1] The aim of the present article is to highlight problems and characterize the morbidity, the spread and prophylaxis of cholera in India and Kyrgyzstan. Materials and methods are information about the morbidity and spread of cholera in India and Kyrgyzstan presented by WHO, statistical methods Results. Statistics about the morbidity and mortality from cholera in India were given. Recommendations for prevention and measures to decrease the morbidity and mortality from the disease relevant to UNICEF’s recommendations were given.

Conclusions. Cholera is a typical disease amongst the world's poorest and most disadvantaged communities. Treatment may be effective on an individual basis, but the rapid spread of cholera outbreaks renders communities too susceptible to contain them. Poor hygiene, lack of proper sanitation and disruption in water supply, result in mixing of drinking water with infected feces, which increases the risk of cholera. Good hand-washing practices and adequate sanitation will prevent the spread of cholera.