Eurasian Medical Journal

INTERACTIVE TEACHING METHODS IN THE PREPARATION OF MEDICAL

A.A. Abdumanonov

Abstract
The paper presents the goals and advantages of an interactive method of teaching medical students. The role of information technology in the modern educational process is huge and the informatization of the educational process is a reality of today and one of the best tools for training highly qualified medical personnel.
Key words: interactive learning, learning technology, information technology in education, medical education, electronic educational resources.

ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF TUMOR DISEASES (BY THE EXAMPLE OF FIBROIDS AND UTERINE CANCER)

A.A. Firman, A.V. Efremov, O.J. Uzakov

Abstract
The aim of the study was to study the activity of the antioxidant system of the body in cancer patients, based on the content of fat-soluble antioxidants. 436 women were examined: 101 patients diagnosed with uterine fibroids; 290 women with uterine body cancer and 45 healthy women as controls. The content of - carotene, retinol and  tocopherol in blood serum was analyzed. It has been shown that in uterine cancer, unlike uterine fibroids, there is a more pronounced inhibition of the antioxidant system activity, expressed in a significant decrease in the levels of beta-carotene, retinol and -tocopherol in the blood. Conclusion: the inhibition of the antioxidant system activity in the mechanisms of development of tumor growth is beyond doubt.
Keywords: uterine cancer, uterine fibroids, antioxidants, -carotene, retinol, -tocopherol.

PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF OSTEOPROTEGERIN IN ASSESSING RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS AND OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES IN COMORBID PATHOLOGY

D. Sh. Chyngyshpaev, M. Kerimaly, A.M. Pasanova, A.T. Alymkulov, A.O. Uzakova, O.J. Uzakov

Abstract
Introduction. To study the predictive role of serum levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) for risk
stratification of adverse cardiovascular events and bone fractures in women with comorbid pathologies, including chronic heart failure (CHF), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2) and osteoporosis.
Materials and methods. The study involved 78 women aged 50 to 65 years (mean age 57.1±4.9 years) with CHF, DM 2 and osteoporosis, presented in two groups. Group 1 (n=41) included patients with OPG level ≤ 6.8 pmol/l, group 2 (n=37) included patients with OPG level 6.8 pmol/l. The control group included 35 postmenopausal women, aged 50–65 years, without clinical disorders of hemodynamics, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism. The content of serum OPG was determined by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunoassay. Assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) was carried out by densitometry using dual X-ray absorptiometry.
Outcomes. In women with an OPG level 6.8 pmol/l, adverse cardiovascular events and
osteoporotic fractures were significantly more frequently recorded. A significant (p0.001) increase in the OPG level was found in patients of the 1st and 2nd groups compared with the control group (2.3±0.4 pmol/l, p=0.001). Adecrease in the risk of cardiovascular events was revealed at OPG concentration ≤ 6.8 pmol/l: myocardial infarction (OR=0.91 [95% CI 0.83-0.98; p=0.04]), cerebral stroke (OR =0.87 [95% CI 0.81-0.98; p=0.01]), decompensated CHF (OR=0.84 [95% CI 0.77-0.92; p=0.02] ), osteoporotic bone fractures (OR=0.81 [95% CI 0.72–0.90; p=0.01]); the risk of death from all the causes did not change significantly (OR: 0.98 [95% CI 0.94-1.05; p=0.223]). An OPG level 6.8 pmol/l (sensitivity - 91%, specificity - 53%) makes it possible to predict the onset of adverse cardiovascular events with a high probability in patients with IHD with CD 2 and osteoporosis (AUC (Area Under Curve) = 0, 83 (95% CI [0.72-0.93; p=0.001]).
Conclusion. Osteoprotegerin is an independent risk factor for the development of adverse
cardiovascular events and bone fractures in women with comorbid pathologies, including CHF, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis. It seems clinically reasonable to determine the concentration of OPG in the blood to stratify the risk of adverse cardiovascular events and bone fractures in women with CHF associated with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis.
Key words: osteoprotegerin, risk factors, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, prognosis.

COMORBID PATHOLOGY IN WOMEN WITH BENIGN AND MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE UTERINE BODY

A.A. Firman, A.V. Efremov, O.J. Uzakov, A.A. Masybaeva

Abstract

The aim of the work was to analyze comorbid pathology in women with benign and malignant uterine diseases. 436 women were examined, of which the first group consisted of 101 patients diagnosed with uterine fibroids. The second group included 290 women with uterine body cancer. Control group - 45 healthy women of the sa age. Anamnestic, instrumental and laboratory research methods were used. In the group of sick women, significantly more frequent occurrence of gynecological pathology was revealed; the frequency of hypertension, chronic cholecystitis, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus was higher. The highest incidence of these somatic diseases was recorded in the group of women with uterine body cancer.
Keywords: cancer of the uterine body, uterine fibroids, comorbid pathology.

COVID-19 VACCINATION DRIVE IN INDIA AND KYRGYZSTAN

Asma Ahad, M.A. Turdumambetova, Bhat Amir, Saifullah Baba

Abstract
Introduction. Both India and Kyrgyzstan are located in Asian continent. The countries
have also experienced a huge loss of lives during COVID-19 pandemic. On 11 March 2020, when the outbreak was characterized as a pandemic putting normal life on hold for most people and overwhelming health care providers and then the year 2021 was mostly focused on vaccine distribution to put an end to the pandemic.
The aim of the present article is to learn about COVID-19 vaccination held in India
and Kyrgyzstan (2020-22).
Materials and methods. Statistical data of COVID-19 vaccination, population of
India and Kyrgyzstan, comparative methods.
Results. As per the latest United Nations data the total population of Kyrgyzstan as on
July 1, 2022 is 6,728,271 and the population in India is 1,406,631,776. [1]
The total number of people that got infected by the COVID in Kyrgyzstan were 201000
and out of which 2991 people died. In India 43.1million [2] got the COVID infection out of
which there were 524000 deaths. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) India recorded 29427330 Coronavirus recovered persons since the epidemic began [6]. The total number of recovered cases in Kyrgyzstan are 196226. [2]
Conclusions. India and Kyrgyzstan are set to defeat COVID-19 fully. The population
of India is much more than Kyrgyzstan and making it a great milestone. As on 15 May 2022 India has so far given almost 1.91 billion COVID-19 vaccine doses. In Kyrgyzstan 1.28 million people are fully vaccinated. Both countries are improving on the setbacks and
working on public awareness, enough medical staff, enough modern equipment etc.
Key words: COVID-19, Morbidity, Mortality, deadly virus, COVID-19 vaccination, lockdown.

CHOLERA IN INDIA AND KYRGYSZTAN

Tabindah Khursheed, Wani Farheen Mukhtar, М.А. Turdumambetova

Abstract
Introduction.Cholera is an acute, watery diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholera of
the O1 or O139 serogroups usually spread through contaminated water and food. The disease causes severe diarrhea and dehydration. Left untreated, cholera can be fatal within hours. In the past two centuries, cholera has emerged and spread from the Ganges Delta six times and from Indonesia once to cause global pandemics. Modern sewage and water treatment have virtually eliminated cholera in industrialized countries. [1]
The aim of the present article is to highlight problems and characterize the morbidity,
the spread and prophylaxis of cholera in India and Kyrgyzstan.
Materials and methods are information about the morbidity and spread of cholera in
India and Kyrgyzstan presented by WHO, statistical methods
Results. Statistics about the morbidity and mortality from cholera in India were given.
Recommendations for prevention and measures to decrease the morbidity and mortality from the disease relevant to UNICEF's recommendations were given.
Conclusions. Cholera is a typical disease amongst the world's poorest and most
disadvantaged communities. Treatment may be effective on an individual basis, but the rapid spread of cholera outbreaks renders communities too susceptible to contain them. Poor hygiene, lack of proper sanitation and disruption in water supply, result in mixing of drinking water with infected feces, which increases the risk of cholera. Good hand-washing practices and adequate sanitation will prevent the spread of cholera.
Keywords: Cholera; Vibrio cholera; pandemics; cholera vaccine; stockpile;
epidemiology; transmission; prophylaxis.